Turbine-engine.



No. 802.293. I PATENTED OCT. 17, 1905.

M. 1). KALBAGH.

TURBINE ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 25. 1905.

3 SHEETSSHEET 1.

- AW WW I u wnmumr ATTORNEYS PATENTED OCT. 17, 1905.

M. D. KALBAUH.

TURBINE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 25, 1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A TTUR/VEVS Jul/5W0? MOMGAN U. WALHM; 1-4

MMMW 11 Z PATENTED OUT. 17, 1905.

M. D. KALBAUH.

TURBINE ENGINE.

APPLIGATION FILED MAY 25, 1905.

3 SHBET$-SHEET 3.

m/vmroe Q? MORG NDKALBAc ATTORNEYS MORGAN I).

KALBACl-I, OF LEBANON, PENNSYLVANIA.

TUHBIINE IENGIINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 17. 1905.

Application filed May 25, 1905. Serial No. 262,236.

To ntZZ- 1.0700712 it Tit/Ly concern.-

Be it known that l, MORGAN D. KALBACi-I, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lebanon, in the county of Lebanon and State of Pennsylvania, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Turbine Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is an improvement in turbine-engines; and it consists in certain novel constructions and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure l is an edge view, and Fig. 2 a side view, of an engine embodying my invention. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on about line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. A is a detail side view of the turbine wheel or disk. Fig. 5 is a detail cross-section on about line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a detail cross-section on about line 6 6 of 4L. Fig. 7 is a detail perspective View of a portion of the disk. Fig. 8 is a vertical cross-section on about line 8 8 of Fig. 2. Fig. 9 is a section on about line 9 9 of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a detail section on about line 10 10 of Fig. 8, and Fig. 11 is a detail section on about line l1 11 of Fig. 9.

The casing comprises the opposite side sections A and B, the section A being recessed in its inner side at A to receive the disk C and the section B being secured at its inner face against the inner face of the section A to inclose the disk 0, as will be understood from Figs. 1, 3, and 8. The disk operates between the sections A and B, and the latter are provided with inlet-ports (1/, a, Z), and b, which are controlled by the valves D, operating in the chests D and connected with. and arranged for operation by the lever D as shown. By manipulating these valves, as will be best understood from Fig. 3, the steam may be admitted to ports a and b or (1/ and 7) to drive the disk in one direction or the other, or the valves D may be shifted over both of the inlet-ports in order to stop the engine whenever desired. The sections A and B are provided in their inner faces opposite the vanes of the disk U with Vents 1, 2, 3, 4., 5, and 6, communicating with ducts or channels E, which con nect the adjacent vents or ports and form passages through which the steam passes in the operation of the engine until it reaches the exhaust F, a baflie-plate F being provided at the exhaust to prevent the steam from passing the same and traveling up the other side of the disk. It will be noticed from Fig. 9 that the vents from 2 to 6 increase gradually in size and that the length of the channels also increases, so that I secure a certain degree of expansion of the steam as it passes around the disk in the operation of the engine, as will more fully appear hereinafter.

The disk (I is secured upon the shaft Gr and is provided in its periphery with the circumferential channel C and on opposite sides thereof with the circumferential series of radially-projecting vanes U, which are spaced apart from each other, as shown in Figs. 4 and 6, and are made diamond shape in crosssection, (see Fig. 6,) with the sides of the adja cent vanes of the same series diverging inwardly toward the channel G and also diverging outwardly toward the outer sides of the vanes, the sides of each vane converging at C toward the inner pointed edges C and the outer sides C of the vanes converging toward the inner edges of the vanes, as best shown in Fig, 6. It will be noticed that the inner sides C are longer than the outer sides, and this is preferred. The vanes of the same series on the opposite sides of the channel U are connected and braced together by means of the annular rings extending around the disk. as best shown in Fig. 4. The vanes (J being spaced apart. as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, form channels through which the steam passes in operating upon the disk in securing the driving thereof, as will be understood from Figs. 3, 4., 6, and 7 of the drawings. It will also be understood that the engine may be reversed by shifting the valve to feed steam to one or the other of the feed-ports to cause it to impinge on one or the other side of the face, as will be understood from Fig. 3. The groove G forms an exhaust-channel for the steam, and it is preferred to divide this groove into two side sections by means of the ring H, extending circumfercntially within the groove C. This ring forms a partition dividing the groove or channel C of the disk into separate compartments. In order to properly direct the steam to the vanes of the disk, I. provide between the inlet-channels a b and a 7/ an abutment or deflector l, which is slotted in its lower edge to fit over the ring H, to which it is pinned or otherwise secured so it may support the said ring, and the ends of this abutment or deflector 1 are beveled or inclined at 27, so the steam entering the ports a Z) or (1/ Z), striking the inclined surfaces 7;, will be d eflected toward the adjacent vanes to the right or left, according to the direction of the steam, (see Fig. 3,) in order to drive The the engine in one direction or the other.

deflector or abutment I is provided with an upwardly-projecting lug I, held Within a recess I in the section A of the case, as best shown in Figs. 8 and 10 of the drawings. It Will be noticed that the feed-ports to a and I) 6' enlarge toWard their inner or delivery ends, so that I secure an expansion of steam to about three volumes at its delivery 2 to the vanes of the disk.

By the channel construction of the side sections of the casing I provide what may be termed expansion-rings on opposite sides of the disk, so that the steam-supply to the disk may circulate in the said rings, discharging from the vents to the disk, then passing through the succeeding vents and channels to the next vent, and so on in securing the operation of the engine as desired.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination substantially as herein described, of the disk having in its periphery the circumferential channel and provided on opposite sides of same with the series of vanes spaced apart, the vanes of the same series being connected in a circumferential direction at their outer ends and being made diamond shape in cross-section with their inner sides larger than their outer ones, the casing-sections fitting over the disk and provided With vents opening adjacent to the vanes of the disk, and the channels or ducts connecting such vents and forming expansionrings on opposite sides of the disk, and the partitionring in the peripheral channel or groove of the disk and dividing the same into compartments, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

' 2. In a turbine-engine, a disk having in its periphery the circumferential channel and provided on opposite sides of same With a series of vanes, the vanes of each series being spaced apart and being approximately diamond shape in cross-section, substantially as, and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a turbine-engine, a disk having in its periphery the circumferential channel and provided on opposite sides of same With the series of vanes spaced apart, the vanes of each series being approximately diamond shape in cross-section and being connected in a circumferential direction at their outer ends, substantially as set forth.

4:. A disk for turbine-engines having in its periphery a circumferential channel and on opposite sides thereof the series of vanes spaced apartand made approximately diamond shape in cross-section, and means connecting the outer ends of the vanes in a circumferential direction, substantially as set forth.

5. A disk for turbine-engines having in its periphery a circumferential channel provided on opposite sides thereof With a circumferential series of vanes spaced apart and connected at their outer ends, the said vanes being diamond shape in cross-section With their inner faces larger than their outer faces, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination with the casing, and the turbine-disk having the vanes, of means for admitting steam to drive said disk in opposite directions, an exhaust being provided opposite the feed devices, and a bafile adjacent to said exhaust and adapted to direct the steam to the exhaust, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination with the casing and the turbine-disk having in its periphery a circumferential channel and on opposite sides thereof a circular series of vanes having inclined faces to be impinged by the steam, and a partition-ring projecting from the casing into said circumferential channel and dividing the same into compartments, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of the disk having the peripheral circumferentially-extending channel, and provided on opposite sides of same With the series of vanes spaced apart and having inclined sides, means connecting the outer ends of the vanes in a circumferential direction, and the casing having inlet-ports and provided with vents opening opposite the vanes of the disk, and channels connecting the said vents, the vents and channels increasing in size from the feedtoward the exhaust end of the engine, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination With the casing and the turbine-disk, havingin its periphery a circumferential channel and on opposite sides thereof a circular series of vanes, having inclined faces to be impinged by the steam, suitable inlet-ports being provided at the opposite sides of the disk and spaced apart on the same side of the disk, a ring fitting in the circumferential channel of the turbine disk, and dividing the same into compartments, and an abutment or deflector fitting Within said channel between the inletports and having its ends inclined forming deflecting-surfaces, substantially as set forth.

10. The combination of the casing, the turbine-disk having in its periphery a circumferential channel and on opposite sides thereof a circular series of vanes having inclined faces, inlet-ports being provided and spaced apart in the direction of the circumference of the disk, and a deflector fitting Within the circumferential channel between said inletports and adapted at its ends to deflect the steam to the adjacent blades of the turbinedisk, substantially as set forth.

MORGAN I). KALBACH.

WVitnesses:

SoLoN O. KnMoN, PERRY B. TURPIN.

IIC

IIf 

